ʻO ka kristal Lithium niobate kahi mea piezoelectric maikaʻi loa mekeia mau waiwai.kiʻekiʻe Curie wela, haʻahaʻa wela coefficient o piezoelectric hopena, kiʻekiʻe electromechanical coupling coefficient, haʻahaʻa dielectric poho, paʻa kino a me kemika waiwai, maikaʻi hana hana, a me ka oluolu e hoomakaukau i ka nui nui a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kristal.Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka piezoelectric crystal quartz maʻamau,LNanianihe kiʻekiʻekani velocityno ka meaka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā ʻāpana alapine kiʻekiʻe, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻiae hanaresonator, transducer, laina lohi, kānana, etc.. i loaʻa ka noi kaulana loa ma nā wahi kīwila okamaʻilio paʻa lima, kamaʻilio ukali, ka hana hōʻailona kikohoʻe, TV, lekiō, radar, ʻike mamao,a me na wahi koa o ka uilahoʻopaʻapaʻa, fuze, alakaʻi,etc..

ʻO ka laulā nui loaka hoʻohana ʻana i ke aniani LNʻo ia ka kānana nalu acoustic surface (SAWF).Mai ka makahiki 1970,midfrequency SAWF i hana ʻia mai LNUa hoʻohana nui ʻia ke aniani i nā ʻāpana TV kala, nā kelepona ʻole, nā mana mamao uila, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.Smai ka makahiki 1980, ua hoʻololi ʻia ke kamaʻilio kelepona mai 2G a i 5G, a ʻo ka pahu kelepona pono e hoʻohālikelike i hope,lawe mai keia mau mea apiʻi i ke koi noSAWF. Ina each band frequency ponosʻelua kānana, kēlā me kēia keleponamakemakepono ma mua o hoʻokahi haneriSAWF. Most o kaua hana ʻia ʻo SAWF mai LN orlithium tantalinā kristal. ʻOi aku ka kaulana o LN crystal i nā polokalamu SAWF meka uku welahoʻolālā (TCSAW).

No nā noi piezoelectric, ka haku mele oLNHe mana nui ko crystal i ka velocity leo, a pono e hoomalu pono ia kona laula. Bno ka mea, paʻakikī loa ka mahana Curie i ka haku mele ʻana, no lailaitHoʻohana pinepine ʻia e ʻike i ke kūlike o ka haku melemele.Eia kekahi, e hoʻopili pololei ka domain hoʻokahi o ka kristalkonanā waiwai piezoelectric.Tno laila,ke kiʻenehanaical kiko'ī o LN kristal i hoʻohana 'ia ma piezoelectric nā mea hoʻohanaeka mahana Curie,monopole domains,a me nā ʻāpana lūlū o loko,etc.. I ke aniani, ka poehawewe mechanicals me ka lōʻihi hawewe ʻaʻole i maʻa inā hemahema o ka latticeʻo ia hoʻi i ka unahiʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka lōʻihi nalu. ʻO nā kristal LN i kūpono i ke koi opiezoelectricpalapala noikapa ʻia ʻo “acousticpapa LNkristal”.

ʻO ke kuhikuhi ʻoki ʻana o ka papa acousticLNpili ke anianikonanoi kikoʻī.ʻO ka ʻoki axis YLNHe kiʻekiʻe ka coefficient hoʻohui electromechanical, akāua emi mainoi ma muli o ka hauʻoli nui o ka nalu mea hoʻokipa.ʻO ka <1014> ʻoki ʻana i ke aniani ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nalu o ke kino a hoʻohana nui ʻia(ʻO TCSAW kekahi o nā laʻana). Ma ke kuhikuhina o<1014>, Y-axiskahuli127.86° apuni ka X-axis.ʻO kēia mau kristal LNʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo 128°YLNaniani.Kahi mea hou aʻe,LNanianis me ka ʻoki ʻoki64°Y a me 41°Yhekūpono no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā huahana alapine kiʻekiʻe.I kēia manawa,ka nui opiezoelectricLN anianiua hiki aku i 6 iniha.

Eia hou, ua hōʻike ʻo Lewis i ka mana o ka hopena pyroelectric oLNkristal ma ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea hawewe acoustic surface ma 1982, a ʻike ʻia ka hopena pyroelectric oLNʻO ke aniani ke alakaʻi i ka luku ʻana i ka electrode a me ke aniani, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kiʻekiʻe kūʻē metala pōkole pōkole electrode.Ma 1998, Standifer et al.ua hoʻohana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kemika e hoʻonui i ka lawe māmā ʻana oLNkristal ma 1000 mau manawa, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻike ʻana o nā laina haiki a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka wā photolithography, a hoʻonui i ka kristal 'sconductivity e oi aku mamua o1×10⁵ manawa.ʻO kēia ʻano hanakaohiska poino o ka electrode manamana lima keasma muli o ka hopena pyroelectric i ke kaʻina hana wela okanā mea hawewe acoustic surface.ʻO kaLNkapa ʻia ka wafer i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e kēia ʻano "ʻeleʻele LN”ka meaua hoʻohana nui ʻia maSAWF.

Hana ʻia nā kristal LN kiʻekiʻe ma ka hale o WISOPTIC (www.wisoptic.com)